Brazil is facing another political showdown, this time inside Congress, after former President Jair Bolsonaro was placed under house arrest by the Supreme Court, on August 4, 2025.
In response, Bolsonaro’s allies in the legislature have launched a coordinated effort to block all voting until the government meets their demands.
At the heart of their protest are three goals:
- Amnesty for people charged over the January 8, 2023, attack on government buildings in Brasília.
- The impeachment of Supreme Court Justice Alexandre de Moraes, who ordered Bolsonaro’s arrest.
- The end of “foro privilegiado,” a legal privilege that shields politicians from lower court prosecutions.
These demands aren’t just political slogans—they’ve been formally submitted in Congress and appear on the official legislative agenda.
But how much power does the opposition really have to block Congress? Not as much as they claim.
Opposition lawmakers can slow things down using procedural tactics like denying quorum, forcing long debates, and refusing to vote on routine bills.
These moves are legal and have been used before to pressure governments into negotiation. However, they cannot freeze Congress completely.
According to legislative rules, crucial bills—like constitutional amendments or urgent government measures—can still move forward if the chamber leadership or a majority coalition supports them.
Brazil’s Opposition Tries to Halt Congress Amid Bolsonaro Arrest Fallout — But Do They Have the Power?
In terms of numbers, Bolsonaro’s allies don’t hold a majority.
They can make noise and create headlines, but they lack the votes to dominate Congress or push through big changes on their own. Leadership remains in the hands of more centrist or government-aligned forces.
The amnesty bill they demand has already passed the Senate and now waits for a vote in the lower house.
As for impeaching Justice Moraes, the process can’t even begin unless the Senate president accepts the request—something that rarely happens, and only under heavy political pressure.
Ousting The Greatest Liability: Brazil’s Senate Sees Growing Push to Impeach Supreme Court Judge Moraes
Meanwhile, street protests are growing, business leaders are warning about political risk, and international observers—including the U.S. State Department—are watching closely.
There’s concern that ongoing instability could hurt investments, stall reforms, and deepen polarization.
Behind the story is a bigger fight: Bolsonaro’s allies see the courts as overreaching, especially since the former president has been banned from running again.
His opponents argue the legal system is holding him accountable after years of democratic backsliding.
In the end, the opposition’s blockade may disrupt, but not stop, Brazil’s government. It’s a political gamble—one that raises tensions but relies more on optics and pressure than actual legislative power.
